Trends in the Adoption of the Collaborative Care Model

Path Forward, along with our partners, the Meadows Mental Health Policy Institute and the American Psychiatric Association, commissioned Milliman to conduct the most comprehensive claims analysis to date. Reflecting 219 million Americans across Medicare, Medicaid, and commercial plans, this data gives us our first true national picture of Collaborative Care adoption.

What we found:

• Use of Collaborative Care has grown tenfold since billing codes were introduced in 2018
• A small number of high-performing regions are driving most of the growth
• Vast regions—especially rural and underserved areas—show little to no uptake
• Significant disparities persist across payer types, with Medicare showing the highest utilization

The Milliman analysis shows that adoption is growing—but unevenly. Without targeted action, entire regions may continue to miss out on this scalable model of care.

What’s next:

We urge policymakers, payers, and health systems to use this data to drive targeted expansion of Collaborative Care. The path forward is clear and millions are still waiting for the care they deserve.

Read and download the Milliman analysis below.